GLP-1/Glucagon-Like Peptide, amide, human

GLP-1/Glucagon-Like Peptide, amide, human is a 36-residue synthetic peptide (H-His-Asp-Glu-Phe-Glu-Arg-His-Ala-Glu-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Val-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Gly-Gln-Ala-Ala-Lys-Glu-Phe-Ile-Ala-Trp-Leu-Val-Lys-Gly-Arg-NH2, trifluoroacetate salt) representing the full-length proglucagon-derived GLP-1 peptide including the upstream signal sequence (residues 1-6: His-Asp-Glu-Phe-Glu-Arg), also designated GLP-1(1-36)-NH2 or full-length amidated GLP-1. This differs from the truncated bioactive form GLP-1(7-36)-NH2 by retaining the six N-terminal residues that are removed in vivo by the proglucagon-processing enzyme PC1/3 to generate the active incretin.

The proglucagon gene encodes a polyprotein precursor that is processed cell-type-specifically: in pancreatic alpha cells, processing favors glucagon and the two flanking GRPP and MPGF peptides, while in intestinal L cells and brainstem neurons, PC1/3-directed processing instead generates GLP-1 and GLP-2 as the primary products. Mojsov and colleagues' landmark work established that the bioactive N-terminus for GLP-1R agonism begins at position 7 (His7), and that the additional six upstream residues present in the full-length form (1-36) are dispensable for and somewhat inhibitory to insulinotropic activity — the mature active form is defined by the 7-36 truncation (Mojsov S et al., J Clin Invest, 1987, PMID 3543057). GLP-1R expression cloning by Thorens confirmed the structural requirements for productive receptor engagement, anchoring the molecular pharmacology of the 7-36/7-37 active forms versus longer precursor sequences (Thorens B, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1992, PMID 1326760). The full-length 1-36-NH2 sequence is therefore used as a structural control and to study the proglucagon-processing step itself rather than as a GLP-1R agonist.

Potential Research Applications: - Structural reference for proglucagon processing enzymology (PC1/3 site-mapping, N-terminal maturation studies) - Negative or partial-activity control in GLP-1R binding and cAMP assays alongside the bioactive 7-36-NH2 form - Comparative structure-activity studies exploring the role of the N-terminal signal hexapeptide in receptor docking - Mass spectrometry and immunoassay method development requiring full-length GLP-1 sequence

Market Context: This full-length GLP-1 precursor form is currently stocked by a single supplier on this platform (CPC Scientific) at approximately $104.50/mg, consistent with its use as a specialized structural biology and enzymology reference reagent.

Cited Research: Mojsov S et al. (1987). Insulinotropin: glucagon-like peptide I (7-37) co-encoded in the glucagon gene is a potent stimulator of insulin release in the perfused rat pancreas. J Clin Invest. PMID 3543057. Thorens B (1992). Expression cloning of the pancreatic beta cell receptor for the gluco-incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. PMID 1326760.

Note: the cited literature establishes the molecular pharmacology of active GLP-1 forms (7-36/7-37) and the processing requirement that makes this full-length 1-36-NH2 sequence a structural reference rather than an active agonist.

For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use, diagnosis, treatment, cure, or prevention of any disease. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION.